Gynecological Cancer

Gynecologic cancers are the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells originating in the female reproductive organs, including the cervix, ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes, vagina and vulva.

Gynecologic cancers are uncontrolled growth and spread of cells that originate in a woman’s reproductive organs including the cervix, uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina, and vulva. Gynecologic cancers are treated by using surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiation therapy. The choice of treatment depends on the type and stage of the cancer.

Gynecologic Cancer Types

  • Cervical Cancer
  • Endometrial and Uterine Cancer
  • Ovarian Cancer
  • Vaginal Cancer
  • Vulvar Cancer
  • Gestational Trophoblastic Disease and Choriocarcinoma

Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer is a gynecologic cancer that begins in the cervix, which is the opening of the uterus (womb) into the vagina (birth canal).

Endometrial and Uterine Cancer

Endometrial cancer is a gynecologic cancer that starts in the endometrium, the inner lining of the uterus (womb).

Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian Cancer is a gynecologic cancer that begins in the ovaries, which are female reproductive glands that produce eggs (ova) for reproduction as well as the female hormones estrogen and progesterone. There are three general types of ovarian cancer:
  • Epithelial ovarian cancer, which forms on the surface of the ovary in the epithelial cells. This is the most common type of ovarian cancer; about 85% to 90% of ovarian cancers are epithelial ovarian carcinomas.
  • Germ cell tumors form from the ova or eggs. Most germ cell tumors are benign, but some are cancerous. Germ cell tumors are an uncommon form of ovarian cancer; less than 2% of ovarian cancers are germ cell tumors.
  • Sex cord-stromal tumors start in the cells that produce female hormones and hold the ovarian tissues together. This is a rare form of ovarian cancer; about 1% of ovarian cancers are ovarian sex cord-stromal cell tumors.

Vaginal Cancer

Vaginal cancer is a rare gynecologic cancer that begins in the vagina (birth canal), which extends from the cervix (opening of the uterus) to the vulva on the outside of the body (external female genitals).

Gestational Trophoblastic Disease

Gestational trophoplastic disease (GTD) is a group of tumors that develop from the abnormal growth of cells inside the uterus (womb) that would normally develop into the placenta (the organ that passes nutrients from the mother to the fetus) during pregnancy.